Wall structure



Sept. 18, 1934. w. R. SIMONS. 1,973,912

LL STRUCT un/ i a r I a m .:2

ATTORNEYS.

Patented Sept. 18, 1934 warren stares PATENT GREECE .3 Claims.

This invention relates to a wall structure and to the method for producing the same.

The invention pertains to producing a wall structure wherein the wall is provided with apertures or recesses of such a character that they combine with each other to form passages which extend between adjacent blocks and aline with each other, these alining passages being filled with a cementitious or other reinforcing material to tie together a plurality of blocks to form the completed wall.

An object of the invention is to produce a wall structure which will be more capable of resisting earthquake shocks or strain, more particularly Ithose which may be directed against the wall in a more or less horizontal manner.

Another object of the invention is to provide an improved article of manufacture consisting of a composite building block which will have superior strain resisting qualities and which may be assembled in a more rapid manner to form a complete wall structure.

Still other objects of the invention pertain to an improved arrangement of block elements with irelation to each other thereby forming composite building blocks which will have superior strain resisting qualities and which may be conveniently and rapidly assembled to form the complete wall structure.

Other objects, advantages and features of the invention may hereinafter appear.

Referring in detail to the drawing which illustrates what is at present deemed to be a preferred embodiment of the invention,

Fig. 1 is a vertical section of the upper portion of a wall structure constructed according to the invention.

Fig. 2 is a vertical perspective section of a fragment of a wall, showing a somewhat modified form thereof, constructed according to the invention.

Fig. 3 is a perspective view of a single brick used in the composite wall structure.

Referring in detail to the drawing, in Fig. 1 is shown a portion of a composite wall block which may be made of brick elements or of other desired building elements. In this view each of the individual brick elements 5 is spaced horizontally and vertically away from its companions in order to provide room for cementitious material to unite the wall elements together and to reinforce the wall as a whole. Where the corner portions of the bricks meet there is provided between each course a horizontally extending pasisage 8 which is also filled with cementitious material thus strongly reinforcing the wall against stress and shocks more particularly those which are directed against the wall in a horizontal manner. In this view cementitious material 6 occupies the vertical spaces and a body of cementitious material 8a occupies the corner portions of the brick and extends longitudinally of them being continuous with the filling material 8.

In Fig. 2 is shown a modified form of wall structure wherein the building elements 5 are staggered and consequently the cementitious bodies 80: which extend along the corner portionsof certain of the blocks are of a somewhat triangular character. 7 In 2, owing to the vertical staggering of the building blocks or bricks, in case said bricks are sufliciently resistant to prevent their being fractured when strain is ap plied to the wall, the fracture would of course have to be between them and would have to be of a diagonal character thus requiring a large amount of cementitious material being broken through. Hence a wall thus built will be very resistant to any external shock or stress.

In Fig. 3 it will be seen that the individual blocks are not only provided with the longitudinal bevels 5a but are also provided with the end bevels 5b.

Both in Figs. 1 and 2 the building elements 5 are shown longitudinally bevelled at 5a along their inner corners.

In the preferred construction the vertical spaces 6 and the enlargements 8a consist of a filling of cementitious grout which is very hard and resistant toshock of any kind; while the horizontal spaces 8 are filled with a softer, less resistant cementitious material, or with the ordinary mortar. Owing to the spaces 8 being occupied by softer material than the spaces 6 and 8a, when the wall is subjected to a lateral strain, a slight compression will occur of the spaces occupied by the mortar 8 and the slight yielding of the wall thus permitted will permit it to oscillate considerably under the force of an earthquake shock without it being broken at any point. Between the ends of the building blocks or brick are the mortar spaces 8m which are shown in Fig. 2.

The preferred mixture employed for grouting in the vertical spaces 6 is one part of cement to five parts of sand.

The preferred mixture for grouting in the spaces 8 and 8m consists of one part of cement to six parts of sand, there being combined with this mixture suflicient lime to produce the degree of plasticity necessary for ready spreading by means of the trowel.

The cement flows down into the interior of the wall more readily by reason of the fact that the upper portion of the wall being constructed is always provided with a passage of a funnel shaped character, as is well shown in Fig. 1. The sloping character of the upper and lower side walls of the spaces 8a also aids in the downward passage of the grout.

When the wall is completed, at each side of the mid-width thereof the grout center is provided with a series of intersecting outwardly directed ribs which extend to bond the horizontal and vertical mortar fillings of the completed wall. This feature of the invention, taken in conjunction with the very solid, resistant character of the grout and its strong adhesive property, forms a strong wall structure. The vertical ribs are lettered 9 and the horizontal ribs 10. Whether or not the blocks are staggered in their horizontal courses, the points where the vertical ribs join the horizontal ribs are located opposite to the points where the horizontal mortar spaces 8 join the vertical mortar spaces 8m. Hence the cementitious material occupying the mortar spaces combines more efliciently with said ribs to form a stronger completed wall.

The individual building blocks, considered in situ in the wall, have their inside faces bevelled along both the end edges and their side edges. This arrangement of the building blocks results in outwardly tapered intersecting ribs being provided along each face of the cementitious material which occupies the space between the two upright wall units. The ribs thus produced have broad substantial bases and their outer portions are united with the mortar along both vertical and horizontal lines. Hence the particular form of building block provided by the invention cooperates with the grout filling in the center of the wall to improve the wall structure as a whole.

I claim:

pied by a mortar or cementitious material of a less resistant character.-

2. In a wall structure, two upright series of building blocks arranged in courses, said courses forming two upright spaced apart wall units, said units having between them a uniting bond of resistant grout filling disposed in a vertical line which is provided with united vertical and horizontal ribs at each side thereof, said ribs being located opposite to vertical and horizontal mortar spaces with which the wall is provided, said ribs joining each other opposite to the points at which the vertical and horizontal mortar spaces join each other.

3. In a wall structure, two upright series of building blocks arranged in courses thereby forming two upright spaced apart wall units, the individual blocks of which said units are composed having bevelled end and side edges thus providing, at each side of the space between the wall units when the blocks are in situ, bevelled extensions of said space, said wall units having between them in said space a uniting bond of resistant grout filling which extends into said extensions of said space thereby forming vertical and horizontal ribs which project from each side of said grout filling and form ribs located opposite to vertical and horizontal mortar spaces with which the wall is provided.

WALTER, R. SIMONS. 

